izmit earthquake 1999 military base

The headquarters of the Battle Fleet Command in Gölcük, established in 1964, and many other buildings were heavily destroyed by the İzmit earthquake on August 17, 1999. At around 3 o'clock in the morning of Saturday August 14, Kanieh Topal woke in her three-storey apartment block in the western suburbs of Izmit to hear a strange sound. Thousands of people were killed, and large parts of a number of mid-sized towns and cities were destroyed. This horrific disaster happened to on 19th of October, 1999. 0000002970 00000 n The main facts about this aearthquack are: The event lasted for 37 seconds, severely damaging the city of İzmit. 0000018443 00000 n 0000014787 00000 n 0000045786 00000 n The epicenter was 11 kilometers south east of the city Izmit of Turkey. Marza (2004) questions the death-toll of the Izmit/Kocaeili earthquake of 1999 (also Mw = 7.6 suggesting that the true numbers may have exceeded twice the official count of 17,127. [1], An official Turkish estimate of 19 October 1999 placed the toll at 17,127 killed and 43,959 injured, but many sources suggest the actual figure may have been closer to 45,000 dead and a similar number injured. %PDF-1.4 %�� 0000001125 00000 n 1999-11-15 05:42:43 UTC 10.0 km. 1446 events have been well located out of a total of 3165 recorded within the period from July 15 to November 2, 1999. 0000002268 00000 n Learn more about 1999 Izmit Earthquake and it's massive destruction. The Command was temporarily housed in the Preveze War Games Center at the same base until July 2000, when the new headquarters building was completed. 0000003925 00000 n a���r5�� {YL�� 2��Q� �66��ѿB��؁,��w=��ҁ��i�g�Z4�C�laA�(��ng�F�4g�9�}��7��s�w��?��ܘ�➧�'��/�טkr�G��od�ٳ�J��6i{u�g��Q�F=��)�ӓ��0�d>�$>W��D�Uޔ ��66��Sy5�a��c5��$0�c��L�uQ ��H�,� Note the faulting in the foreground. 0000002038 00000 n The earthquake measuring six-point-seven on the Richter scale struck the industrialised town of Izmit in western Turkey at just after 0300 on Tuesday local time. A massive international response was mounted to assist in digging for survivors and assisting the wounded and homeless. The fire was declared under control five days later after claiming at least seventeen tanks and untold amounts of complex piping. 0000028901 00000 n Latest reports from the state-run Anatolian news agency said 325 people died in the Marmara region, and the toll was expected to rise. Scores of … The Surface Rupture and Slip Distribution of the 17 August 1999 Izmit Earthquake (M 7.4), North Anatolian Fault Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 2002 Gürsel Sunal [citation needed] India also assisted by providing 32,000 tents and 2 million rupees to help in the reconstruction process. 0000044887 00000 n 0000002741 00000 n The fire spread over the next few days, warranting the evacuation of the area within three miles of the refinery. The M w 7.4 Kocaeli (Izmit) earthquake occurred at 3:01 am local time 17 August 1999 on the east–west trending north strand of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ), about 100 km SE of Istanbul, Turkey. Then the earthquake was extended into other areas. ��BP��zDx�Q��3�+P}�Ԗݡr�F PPIRlk�@ Oil Spill Response Limited were activated by BP to deploy from the United Kingdom to the Tupras Refinery where their responders successfully contained the previously uncontrolled discharge of oil from the site into the sea. [9], The earthquake was heavily felt in this industrialized and densely populated urban area of the country, including oil refineries, several automotive plants, and the Turkish navy headquarters and arsenal in Gölcük, increasing the severity of the loss of life and property. The Izmit earthquake occurred at 0 hours, 1 min, 38 s (00h01mn38s; universal time) on 17 August 1999 and, in ~25 s, broke the North Anatolian fault, a major plate boundary, over a length of 150 km across northwestern Turkey (16–19). 0000001826 00000 n A Turkish naval base on the Marmara Sea was badly damaged. 0000025269 00000 n 0000001369 00000 n The analysis of the events before and after the August 17, 1999 Izmit (Turkey) earthquake has been completed. The event lasted for 37 seconds, severely damaging the city of İzmit Download : Download high-res image (244KB) 0000007833 00000 n trailer << /Size 120 /Info 80 0 R /Encrypt 84 0 R /Root 83 0 R /Prev 505769 /ID[] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 83 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 79 0 R /Metadata 81 0 R /PageLabels 77 0 R >> endobj 84 0 obj << /Filter /Standard /R 2 /O (Wp�y��A��Єq��n%[��a�]) /U (m"�� {rK.|�ɏ�9��.� �~��w�k�) /P -44 /V 1 /Length 40 >> endobj 118 0 obj << /S 246 /L 379 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 119 0 R >> stream 0000021924 00000 n During the 20th century, only the 1943 Hendek earthquake with a magnitude of 6.4 affected the rupture zone of the 1999 earthquake. Source: USAID[15]. 0000014810 00000 n The tsunami caused the deaths of 155 people.[13]. The 1999 rupture was centered on seismic gap between the 1967 Mudurnu Valley earthquake (M s =7.1) and the 1963 Yalova earthquake (M s =6.4) . �3`�U��YY�+ The 1999 earthquake also terminated with a 4 m offset at the western end at the Karamürsel basin. Damage due to faulting and lateral spreading at the main pier and seawall of the Gölcük Naval Base. The following table shows the breakdown of rescue teams by country in the affected locations: Search and Rescue Effort as of 19 August 1999. ��a�8ݷ�I�2 ȫ[��6�r'��(�f��ۻ5_�A*��K� `BCs&�M�]�Cs��t�R��b�=�^4�. [7], From the timing of P-wave and S-wave arrivals at seismometers there is strong evidence that the rupture propagated eastwards from the epicentre at speeds in excess of the S-wave velocity, making this a supershear earthquake. Avcılar was built on relatively weak ground mainly composed of poorly consolidated Cenozoic sedimentary rocks, which makes this district vulnerable to any earthquake. 0000028878 00000 n COULD THIS HAPPEN AGAIN? Then, the sea was split and a big explosion happened. View 0 peer reviews of Coseismic and postseismic fault slip for the 17 August 1999, M=7.5, Izmit, Turkey earthquake on Publons COVID-19 : add an open review or score for a COVID-19 paper now to ensure the latest research gets the extra scrutiny it needs. In total, rescue teams from twelve countries assisted in the rescue effort. The epicenter was approximately 100 km to the east of the extremely destructive 1999 İzmit earthquake that happened a few months earlier. This Earthquake was caused by the moving of two plates, in this case the Arabian Plate (moving south) [6] Major earthquakes in Turkey result mainly from slip along the NAFZ or the East Anatolian Fault. 0000038192 00000 n WHAT CAUSED THE EARTHQUAKE? On 17 August 1999, an earthquake in northwestern Turkey killed around 17,000 people[5] and left more than 250,000 people homeless. [11], The earthquake sparked a disastrous fire at the Tüpraş petroleum refinery. Tuesday, August 17, 1999 Published at 06:44 GMT 07:44 UK World: Europe Earthquake rocks Turkey Buildings have been flattened in several cities Turkish rescue workers are searching the rubble of collapsed buildings after a powerful earthquake hit the densely populated north-west of the country early on Tuesday morning. Officer 3rd Class Rebecca Vanderburg (left), U.S. Navy, talks with earthquake survivors in Izmit, Turkey, on Aug. 25, 1999. 1999-12-21 14:14:57 UTC 56.0 km. New Insights from the 1999 Turkey Earthquakes", "Site amplification at Avcılar, Istanbul", "Seismic Assessment of the Mustafa Inan Viaduct", "Komenda Miejska Państwowej Straży Pożarnej w Nowym Sączu", "The natech events during the 17 August 1999 Kocaeli earthquake: aftermath and lessons learned", Initial Geotechnical Observations of the August 17, 1999, Izmit Earthquake, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1999_İzmit_earthquake&oldid=997009883, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 29 December 2020, at 16:23. Blankets, medical supplies and food were flown from Stansted airport. 0000003903 00000 n 0000001804 00000 n 0000050312 00000 n This page was last edited on 30 December 2015, at 21:54. [12], The earthquake caused a tsunami in the Sea of Marmara that was about 2.5 meters high. 0000042129 00000 n 0000046649 00000 n "All the dogs were howling," Turkey: Izmit earthquake 1999 A Collection by: PreventionWeb user UNDRR Editors Last updated: 10 Feb 2019. Both strike-slip earthquakes were caused by … 0000003551 00000 n Rescue teams were dispatched within 24–48 hours of the disaster, and the assistance to the survivors was channeled through NGOs and the Red Crescent and local search and rescue organizations. [citation needed], "On the death toll of the 1999 Izmit (Turkey) major earthquake", "Coseismic and Postseismic Fault Slip for the 17 August 1999, M = 7.5, Izmit, Turkey Earthquake", "How Fast is Rupture During an Earthquake ? 0000102729 00000 n On 17 August 1999, an earthquake in northwestern Turkey killed around 17,000 people and left more than 250,000 people homeless. Until now, none of America, Israel, or Turkey could find anyone of those whom Allah punished. 0000011406 00000 n The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.6 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The 1999 İzmit earthquake was an approximately 7.4 magnitude earthquake that struck northwestern Turkey on August 17, 1999. 82 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 85 /H [ 1369 457 ] /L 507537 /E 103156 /N 8 /T 505779 >> endobj xref 82 38 0000000016 00000 n The 1999 Izmit Earthquake Disaster Report, TurkeyIntroductionIn the year 1999, turkey was hit by a serious earthquake known as the Kocaeli. [5] Reports from September 1999 show that 120,000 poorly engineered houses were damaged beyond repair[citation needed] and approximately 20,000 buildings collapsed, resulting in more than 250,000 people becoming homeless after the earthquake. [16], The U.K announced an immediate grant of £50,000 to help the Turkish Red Crescent, while the International Red Cross and Red Crescent pledged £4.5 million to help victims. 1999: Turkey hit by huge earthquake The most powerful earthquake to hit Turkey has left at least 1,000 people dead. 4 earthquake is one of the world’s largest and best studied earth’s horizontal movement (strike slip faults). [10], There was extensive damage to several bridges and other structures on the Trans-European Motorway (European route E80), including 20 viaducts, 5 tunnels, and some overpasses. The building straddles the fault which displaced 2-3 meters. 0000021947 00000 n 9 item(s) in this collection 67% of the aftershocks with magnitude greater than 4 have occurred within the first 6 days after the main-shock. After the Marmara (Izmit) Earthquake (magnitude 7.4) on 17 August 1999, chemical oceanographical characteristics of Izmit Bay were investigated in order to examine the possible effects of the refinery fire and uncontrolled entrance of domestic wastes to the surface waters. In Golcuk, the site of a naval base on the southern coast of the Izmit Gulf, more than 248 sailors and naval officers were trapped under collapsed buildings. Izmit, Turkey. From Project 1999 Wiki. �%?�T{ The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.6 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). WHAT WAS THE DISTANCE FROM THE DISASTER? The earthquake was located in Turkey at the local time of 3.01 am. 7.0 New Britain region, Papua New Guinea. The fire began at a state-owned tank farm and was initiated by naphtha that had sloshed out of a holding tank. Aftermath of the 1999 Izmit earthquake and a look at poor building construction. The Mw 7. The earthquake, which occurred on the northernmost strand of the İzmit earthquake of 1999, devastating earthquake that struck near the city of İzmit in northwestern Turkey on August 17, 1999. It happened at around 3:02am local time. [8], Destruction in Istanbul was concentrated in the Avcılar district to the west of the city. �|��B��nY�t�HT^כ�]��I>o�w�>8�}��K��U��[�ePqro�w endstream endobj 119 0 obj 341 endobj 85 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 79 0 R /Resources 86 0 R /Contents [ 95 0 R 97 0 R 99 0 R 101 0 R 103 0 R 105 0 R 107 0 R 115 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 86 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC ] /Font << /TT4 90 0 R /TT6 88 0 R >> /XObject << /Im3 116 0 R /Im4 117 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 112 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs6 87 0 R /Cs8 93 0 R /Cs9 91 0 R >> >> endobj 87 0 obj [ /ICCBased 111 0 R ] endobj 88 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 122 /Widths [ 236 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 248 248 0 0 207 0 182 0 0 271 0 0 393 0 0 377 0 398 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 371 0 0 0 350 0 0 0 213 0 0 0 482 0 0 0 0 0 0 293 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 357 0 0 0 350 248 365 357 213 0 365 0 578 0 379 0 361 242 244 252 365 0 0 0 342 352 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /DLDGFJ+ArchitecturePSMT /FontDescriptor 89 0 R >> endobj 89 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 998 /CapHeight 765 /Descent -500 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -74 -250 855 998 ] /FontName /DLDGFJ+ArchitecturePSMT /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 74 /XHeight 0 /FontFile2 110 0 R >> endobj 90 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 151 /Widths [ 288 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 273 273 417 0 288 347 288 403 576 576 576 576 576 576 576 576 576 576 310 310 0 0 0 0 1000 597 553 715 697 513 501 817 697 243 373 574 413 836 745 875 500 875 528 498 497 692 551 898 484 546 560 0 0 0 0 0 0 541 541 456 541 497 259 541 521 230 0 458 230 789 521 558 541 541 315 382 248 527 427 648 394 403 381 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 590 0 1000 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /DLBJOG+FuturaBT-Light /FontDescriptor 92 0 R >> endobj 91 0 obj [ /Separation /PANTONE#20294#20CV 87 0 R 113 0 R ] endobj 92 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 962 /CapHeight 718 /Descent -235 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -167 -236 1065 963 ] /FontName /DLBJOG+FuturaBT-Light /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 64 /XHeight 0 /FontFile2 109 0 R >> endobj 93 0 obj [ /Separation /All 87 0 R 114 0 R ] endobj 94 0 obj 3830 endobj 95 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 94 0 R >> stream Map of Izmit Buildings were razed to the ground and electricity and telephone lines cut in Izmit, northwest Turkey, by a strong earthquake that shook the region on 17 August 1999, and forced the frightened residents out onto the streets. The upper floors of Mexico City's Hotel Intercontinental collapsed onto lower floors during a magnitude 8.1 earthquake on Sep. 19, 1985. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. 0000003849 00000 n 0000018466 00000 n Date: Aug. 17, 1999 The devastating earthquake that struck northwestern Turkey in 1999 reached 7.6 on the Richter Scale. About 17,118 people were killed. Interview with survivors, an investigation into the building industry and a look at the early recovery efforts. The base was burned in the sea and all the people who were there died. 0000011384 00000 n V=�]��Quy:iPo~p�.�.��]~��B��XU��|�&��q��mE.g�x(�VՀ@��J�7w�H�o��9v�VY��t��b 0000003620 00000 n The Izmit earthquake had a rupture length of 150 kilometers (93 mi) extending from the city of Düzce all the way into the Sea of Marmara along the Gulf of İzmit. 1'�]X�r��Z��8�S�A��x�@�]�.R��^y�v�m��L�z�V��:U�xa�`��O&�7N�#m��c��(�*Awo1�� ;w��M~��0�p��I�%0��|O�@:��3k��0F��dnH�x� The April 10 tremblor was one of the largest in western Turkey since August 1999 when an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.9 killed 17,118 people. Howling, '' the Izmit earthquake and it 's massive destruction of America, Israel, or could. Providing 32,000 tents and 2 million rupees to help in the Avcılar district to the east Fault... 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