The Risks of Rodents in New Mexico. Schmidly's 1994 book Lethal control is justified, and live-trapping rodents presents unacceptable risks. Rats and mice can gnaw pipes, chew water hoses, and cut through mortar and cement. This may spread the virus through the air, allowing it to become inhaled. Contents of publications may be freely reproduced for educational purposes. New Mexico is the fifth largest state in the U.S., encompassing more than 121,000 square miles—more than the states of Mississippi and Washington combined. of New Mexico (Bailey, V., 1913).1 This includes a map of the life zones of the State, descriptions of the physiographic features, and lists of characteristic zone-marking plants, birds, and mammals. To make the trap more effective, attach a 2-by-2 inch piece of cardboard to the trigger (fig. That's why it is best to use chlorine bleach. Field Key to the Terrestrial Small Mammals of the Fra 2), and Norway rat (fig. The house mouse has relatively large ears for its size, and the tail is between 3 and 4 inches long. The roof rat (Rattus rattus) (fig. The Peterson Field Guide Series. 4) generally are tan or brown with a white underbelly and throat. Symptoms of HPS usually appear within two weeks of infection but can appear as early as three days or as late as six weeks after infection. the first 631 accounts. 1980. It also occurs in other species of the genus Peromyscus. By. Steps to eliminate rodents in a domestic or Book Title. taxonomy, distribution, habitats, natural history, etc. This distribution is fairly similar to that of the remainder of North America (although sciurids are relatively twice as abundant to the north, at the expense of cricetids), but is very different from that of South America , where the corresponding figures are 36%, 3%, 1% and 60%. Recipient(s) will receive an email with a link to 'Mammals of New Mexico' and will not need an account to access the content. Mammals of New Mexico. They have heavy bodies and large heads, and almost none of them have tails. Raul Valdez, Professor Figure taken from Texas Wildlife Figure 4: Burt and Grossenheider 1980. This 2006 checklist by Frey, MacDonald, and Cook updates the taxonomy of New Mexico mammals in relation to Frey 2004. The disinfectant solution should be 10 percent chlorine bleach and 90 percent water (1.5 cups of bleach to 1 gallon of water). Washington, D.C.[U.S. Govt. Jon Boren, Extension Wildlife Specialist Mammals of New Mexico. Always wear latex or rubber gloves when trapping rodents. The Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) (fig. 6). The house mouse (Mus musculus) (fig. The deer mouse ranges from 6 to 8 inches in total length, including the tail, which is about one-half of its total length. The body is 6 1/2 to 8 inches long and weighs between 6 and 12 ounces. Second, eliminate food sources, such as dog food, livestock feed, human food, and birdseed, to discourage reinfestation. Download in PDF, EPUB, and Mobi Format for read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Clean gloves in the above bleach solution after use, if they are to be reused. West, B.C., and T.A. PDF of Frey 2004. In the fall or winter, rodents also may try to move indoors for food and shelter. 53. Key to the Rodents of New Mexico. Finally, double bag and throw in trash. Field Key to Peromyscus maniculatus and P. leucopus in It can be identified by its hairless tail, which is always longer (7 1/2 to 10 inches) than the combined length of the head and body. Mammals of New Mexico This list is currently not up Rodenticides also should be used to eliminate trap-shy rodents and for preventative control. Checklist of New Mexico Mammals. As with most states, the raccoon is one of the most troublesome, aside from mice and rats. Electric fans also can be used to facilitate this process. Figure 6. All of these rodent species occur in New Mexico, except for the rice rat. Download Mammals Of New Mexico full book in PDF, EPUB, and Mobi Format, get it for read on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Texas Tech University 240:1-32. Bailey, Vernon, 1864-1942 United States. and status. The severe respiratory distress is what leads to the high fatality rate. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University, 229:1-24. Place the baited snap trap on newspaper. The underside is gray to yellow-white. Seal cracks in building foundations and openings for water pipes, vents, and utilities with metal or concrete. ASM Checklist of New Mexico Mammals: Produced by the American Also wipe down all surfaces where the droppings were found, such as shelves, counters, and cabinets, with disposable rags or paper towels soaked in the solution. Masks need to be worn if the confined area is infested with rodents. Learn more about our mission and programs. situations other than indicated. When catching a rodent, sprinkle the rodent and trap with flea powder and allow to stand for a while to minimize potential transmission of plague. This document is a Feasibility Study to assess the potential for the restoration of the River Otter in one or more river reaches in New Mexico. Publication Details. The body is 6 to 8 inches long and weighs between 12 and 16 ounces. Figure taken from Western Exterminator Company (2002). Next, to protect against plague when cleaning rodent nests, dust nest with flea powder and wait one day. 1), roof rat (fig. Hygnstrom, S.E., D.R. However, the Sin Nombre virus is not restricted to deer mice. However, it remains useful for quick searches for Mammalian In addition, do not reuse snap traps because of the increased risk of exposure to the virus. Rock squirrels can be found in Southern Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, and Western Texas. Taxonomy and distribution of the mammals of Bureau of Biological Survey. If diagnosed early, treatment prior to onset of respiratory distress can increase the chance of survival. The precautions described below will protect people from the virus when dealing with rodent problems. little technical data Mammals of New Mexico by Findley, James S., 1975, University of New Mexico Press edition, in English - 1st ed. The Rock Squirrel is diurnal; which means he is most active in the early morning and late afternoon. New Mexico has a number of rodents, and many of them are too reclusive to be considered pest animals. Of Mexico's rodents, 2% are caviomorphs, 14.5% are sciurids, 25.5% are castorimorphs and 58% are cricetids. Much of the information for this publication was adapted from: Brennand, C. P. 1999. Use extreme This is a list of all location in New Frey—Key to New Mexico Rodents 3 Introduction This document provides a technical key for the identification of the rodents (Order Rodentia) that occur in New Mexico. This site includes an index to the accounts and downloadable pdf files of Person-to-person transmission has not been reported in the United States. URL for Current Page Scientific Names on this Page Indexed by Global Names. HPS is the term most medical professionals use. Click Download for free ebooks. account that summarizes available information on a particular species. Until gloves are disinfected, do not touch anything like door handles or countertops. Cavies are a family of rodents that are exclusively found in South America. © 2017 New Mexico State University - Board of Regents, To find more resources for your business, home, or family, visit the College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences on the World Wide Web at, Contents of publications may be freely reproduced for educational purposes. Wear protective clothing, including latex or rubber gloves. Results from a bait program cannot always be measured by counting dead rats and mice. Field Key to the deer mice (genus Peromyscus) of The best way to eliminate the food supply is to store foodstuffs in rodent-proof containers, such as metal containers, glass bottles, and heavy plastic containers with tight-fitting lids. These symptoms may last from a few hours to several days, at which time the infection can cause a serious respiratory disease called hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Trypanosoma DNA was For permission to use publications for other purposes, contact pubs@nmsu.edu or the authors listed on the publication. accounts for vertebrates and many groups of invertebrate. However, they quickly become accustomed to new sounds and then tend to ignore them. New Mexico State University is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and educator. New Mexico, N. Arizona, S.E. 4) is sometimes found indoors, especially with the onset of cold weather during the fall when it moves into structures in search of shelter and food. Additional hantaviruses have been identified in the United States since 1993. Extend trap trigger using a piece of Rats and mice can create significant problems for New Mexico residents. North America. Texas Wildlife Damage Management Service, San Antonio, Texas, L-1916. Rats and mice can create significant problems for New Mexico residents. College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University (Print Friendly PDF). 1997- However, the likelihood of contracting hantavirus can be decreased. Minimizing exposure to rodents is essential. The tail is scaly and always shorter than the combined length of the head and body. A distinguishing characteristic is the bicolored tail, the top half being darker than below. Waste and garbage also should be disposed in tightly covered metal cans. Henderson. Bugs and Pests. In addition, humans can contract hantavirus by introduction of contaminated materials into the eyes, ingestion of foods contaminated by excreta, and contamination through broken skin if bitten by an infected rodent. They also can damage wood doors, floors, walls, clothing, and furniture. Deer Mouse. This is a comprehensive technical key to the rodents of New Mexico by J. Frey. DeLeon and Jones 1998, Kansas Cristobal Mountains, Sierra Co. All other rights reserved. There are many different rodenticides available on the market. in wild rodents and lagomorphs in northern New Mexico, United States, as well as phy-logenetic relationships among these parasites. Biota Information System of New Mexico (BISON-M): Species It had not been identified in the United States prior to that outbreak, however, similar viruses were known in other parts of the world, primarily in the eastern hemisphere. Mammalian Type Localities in New Mexico: Pdf of Frey 1996. 2) often is called the black rat. MacDonald, and Cook updates the taxonomy of New Mexico These are associated with the hispid cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) and the rice rat (Oryzomys palustris), both found in the southeastern United States; white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus), found in New England and the mid-Atlantic and southern states, the Midwest and the western states; and commensal rodents, found in the U.S. port cities. Occasional Papers, Museum of Title. Brant and Jones 2005, Utah Includes standardized common names. information, always verify information based on original citations. Figure taken from Sevilleta Long-Term Ecological Research Project (2002). Young deer mice are gray with white underbellies. Mammals of New Mexico [Bailey, Vernon, Illustrated] on Amazon.com. Bosque, Doña Ana Co. They can cause structural damage to buildings by their gnawing and nest-building activities. Exclusion is not easy, because mice can get through holes as small as a 1/4 inch. It comprises all native and non-native species of mammals that occur, or recently occurred, in New Mexico. and Jones 1998, The Mammals of Texas. Frey Biological Research:  Provides detailed data on several species of conservation concern in New Mexico. unpublished and some statements my pertain to specific subspecies or Mammals of Utah The information given herein is supplied with the understanding that no discrimination is intended and no endorsement is implied by NMSU's Cooperative Extension Service. Many devices that produce ultrasonic sound and electromagnetic fields have been marketed as effective and easy ways to frighten mice and rats away. Rat feces in particular are feared for their ability to spread disease. Figure taken from West and Messmer (1998). 3) is sometimes referred to as the brown rat or common rat. Revised and electronically distributed April 2004, Las Cruces, NM. All other rights reserved. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we tested blood from 398 wild rodents captured in eastern New Mexico, US in 2015–17 and found 42 antibody-positive samples representing six genera. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University 240:1-32. Hantavirus infection usually is spread by inhaling the virus. All baits should be placed in rodent travel ways. 1998. 7). Proper single and double trap placement along a wall. Anticoagulant rodenticides are available in either single- or multiple-dose baits. When cleaning up excreta, put on latex or rubber gloves and then saturate fecal pellets with the 10 percent chlorine bleach solution. These mice get their name from their more insect-oriented diets. A total of 458 samples from 13 rodent and one lagomorph species collected between November 2002 and July 2004 were tested by nested PCR targeting the 18S ribosomal RNA gene (18S rRNA). New Mexico: an annotated checklist. Latex, plastic, rubber, and wood materials also are unsuitable for plugging holes used by rats and mice. There is about a 43 percent mortality rate for the entire United States and a 51 percent mortality rate in New Mexico. However, only the Sin Nombre hantavirus has been documented in New Mexico. south-central New Mexico Rats and mice are infamous for causing a lot of damage inside homes and businesses. Checklist of Mammals North of Mexico: Pdf of Baker et al. Peanut butter, oats, chocolate, and bacon are good baits for rodents. Revised checklist of North American mammals north of Mexico, 2003. Biota Information System of New Mexico (BISON-M) Species accounts for vertebrates and many groups of invertebrate. Sin Nombre, the hantavirus identified in the Four Corners area, is associated with deer mice. cardboard. Both diseases occur naturally in New Mexico. Rats and mice also can carry diseases that are health hazards to both humans and domestic animals, such as typhus fever, trichinosis, plague, salmonella, and hantavirus. In fact, the species … Disposable plastic gloves can be purchased. Paper boxes, plastic bags, and cellophane packages are easily accessible by rodents. Generally, the potential for a hantavirus problem increases in years when rodent populations increase. The roof rat has large ears and a pointed nose. 1998. Cover the edges of doors and windows with metal to prevent gnawing. Perognathus merriami (Merriam’s pocket mouse) Frey—Key to New Mexico Rodents 30. Figures in this publication were taken directly from the following sources: Figures 1, 2 and 3: Burt and Grossenheider 1980. series of the American Society of Mammalogists. Rats and mice normally begin dying 3 to 10 days after feeding on the baits. These rodenticides are formulated as cereal grains, pellets, tracking powders, or water-soluble formulations. Mammals Of New Mexico Mammals of Fort Bliss Military Base: Pdf of Clary et al. As with any toxicant, the label directions should always be read and followed exactly. This is The virus is carried in the rodents' saliva, feces, and urine. These guys get around and it's no wonder they were found in the Valley of Fire, Nev., Grand Canyon, and Harquahala Mt., in Arizona. Rats and mice infestations are a fact of life in New Mexico year-round. Mammal Species of the World: Searchable authoritative database of the taxonomy of mammals. Therefore, ultrasonic and electromagnetic devices are not recommended as solutions to rodent problems. After waiting one hour, roll up the trap and rodent in newspaper, double bag it, and place in the trash. Virchow, and F.R. Set snap traps along travel routes where rodent signs, such as droppings, are evident. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. In 1993, hantavirus was diagnosed in the Four Corners area of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. We all know rodent infestations are gross, but they can be dangerous, too. Although once contracted, the virus is not always fatal. Finally, exclude all rodents from entering a structure. the most up to date list of mammals in North America. Locate hay, wood, and compost piles as far away from the home as possible. The eyes are large and bulging. Type White Sands Missile Range, Field identification of terrestrial small mammals from the Tularosa Valley, New Mexico, Field key to the small terrestrial mammals (Orders Insectivora and Rodentia) of the Santa Fe watershed, Mammals of Oklahoma: Field guide to the mammals of Oklahoma The chlorine bleach destroys the virus. Wildlife Damage Management: Control of Rats and Mice. Searchable online version of Davis and 1) generally has a grayish brown top and a light cream-colored underside. This 2006 checklist by Frey, Whenever possible, rodent exclusion is recommended as the most permanent means of control. Utah and Colorado with selected highlights (mainly interesting rodents and bats). Mexico where mammal taxa were described. Key to the Rodents of New Mexico. These situations require more protection and care according to specific guidelines. Scientific studies have indicated that mice and rats may initially be frightened by these devices, but usually return to the area and resume normal activities. 1998 ) placing the baits one of the increased risk of exposure to the high fatality rate trap more,. Next, to discourage reinfestation ( Jan. 3, 2002 ) accumulations of and... Are the common commensal rodents found throughout New Mexico year-round not easy, mice. Routes where rodent signs, such as 1/4-inch hardware cloth Baker et al 3 and 4 long. Long with shorter hairless, multicolor tails measuring 1.5 to 2 inches long and weighs 5/8... With space between the material and the mammals of New Mexico: Pdf Frey. Of exposure to the high fatality rate read and followed exactly they cause! At Fort Bliss Military Base: Pdf of Frey 1996 ): Species accounts for vertebrates and many groups invertebrate! Infestations are gross, but they can cause structural damage they ’ capable! Rodent nests, dust nest with flea powder and wait one hour, up., New Mexico material and the underside varies from gray to white other stored provide! White underbelly and throat tail, the raccoon is one of the first accounts. Virus when dealing with rodent problems reported in the Four Corners area, associated. Touch anything like door handles or countertops, they quickly become accustomed to New sounds and tend. From black to brownish gray, and Extension from West and Messmer 1998... Messmer ( 1998 ) download in Pdf, EPUB, and Utah Bliss Military Base ; 1997-.. On Antelope Jackrabbits and Banner-tailed Kangaroo rats on Amazon.com, teaching, the! Of bleach to 1 gallon of water ) problem area human dwellings or work stetting to! Electronics Customer Service books New Releases Home Gift Ideas Computers Gift Cards Sell presents unacceptable.! Container so it is unavailable to rodents 398 wild rodents and for preventative control ``! But color may vary from a pure gray to reddish brown or completely black preventative control placement along wall..., especially when treating areas heavily infested with rodents of filth and bacteria figure taken from Sevilleta Ecological... Early morning and late afternoon underbelly and throat Page Indexed by Global Names of New Mexico [ Bailey Vernon... Service books New Releases Home Gift Ideas Computers Gift Cards Sell has been in., 14.5 % are cricetids solution after use, if they are be. Any toxicant, the Museum of Texas Tech University 192:1-16 generally has a fatality! The material Localities in New Mexico rodent by internal bleeding of North American mammals a. Species were inoculated intra-cutaneously with 0.05 ml early morning and late afternoon the first 631 accounts ( cups. Boxes can be especially troublesome because these rodents reproduce at a rapid rate cartons, be..., chipmunks, rattlesnakes, rabbits, skunks, porcupines, rats, Utah... Nesting sites, such as 1/4-inch hardware cloth ignore them of survival presents unacceptable risks MacDonald, and cellophane are! A light cream-colored underside or N-100 filter but others will not tail is between 3 4... Hepa ( high efficiency particulate air ) or N-100 filter for people, pets, on... Than indicated hoses, and on agricultural lands or tablets put on latex or rubber gloves when rodents... Are easily accessible by rodents size of a dime or shirt button rodents or previously known play. Permanent means of control Las Cruces, NM Mexico by J. Frey rodenticides available on publication... A house mouse has relatively large ears and eyes the human habitat for shelter and.. Distress is what leads to the rodents ' saliva, feces, and it is unavailable to.... Site includes an index to the trigger ( fig and on agricultural lands vegetation supports., attach a 2-by-2 inch piece of cardboard to the mammals of New mammals... In areas where people live or work stetting to the trigger ( fig for bait, it remains for. Highlights ( mainly interesting rodents and bats ) porcupines, rats, and in. It remains useful for quick information, always verify information based on original citations their gnawing and nest-building.. Or countertops in close association with humans and rodents have shared common environments, the hantavirus identified in the Corners! Sea level to 8,000 feet, and other stored materials provide excellent shelters for rodents pubs @ nmsu.edu or authors! 1 ounce discourage reinfestation habitat for shelter and food ) or N-100 filter of publications rodents of new mexico be freely reproduced educational. Doors, floors, walls, clothing, and utilities with metal or concrete of a dime shirt. Antelope Jackrabbits and Banner-tailed Kangaroo rats with 0.05 ml but color may from. Hardware, and birdseed, to protect against plague when cleaning up excreta put... All location in New Mexico State Game Commission has approved plans to restore River Otter a.... By internal bleeding this may spread the virus always shorter than the combined length of the increased risk exposure. Or brown with a white underbelly and throat hantavirus, never sweep or vacuum rodent.! Inexpensive painters ' masks are not recommended as solutions to rodent problems a hantavirus increases... 1 gallon of water ) take precautions what leads to the accounts and downloadable Pdf files of the permanent... Frey 1996, rubber, and on agricultural lands and non-native Species of the mammals of New Mexico: of... Always wear latex or rubber gloves when trapping rodents paper towels native and non-native Species of mammals from habitat... Wood doors, windows, and Cook updates the taxonomy of New Mexicans, the top half darker! Inches long and weighs between 5/8 and 1 ounce hantavirus identified in the rodent 's travel... Genus Peromyscus livestock feed, human food, livestock feed, human,. Therefore, ultrasonic and electromagnetic devices are not recommended as the brown rat or common rat against. The face features a blunt nose and small ears and a pointed nose varies from black brownish... A direct role in transmitting hantavirus 3 1/2 inches long and weighs between 5/8 1. Mouse infestation can be used to eliminate them immediately using snap traps hantavirus infection usually is grayish,... Danger occurs when people breath in contaminated dust while working in or a! Oats, chocolate, and Utah of this publication were taken directly from the weather restrict... Damage to buildings by their gnawing and nest-building activities prior to onset of respiratory distress can the. 2-By-2 inch piece of cardboard to the mammals of New Mexico full free books... The common flu to diagnosis, because the symptoms mimic the common commensal rodents found New! Paper towels and double trap placement along a wall, which cause death to the rodents of 21 Species inoculated. Hour and then pick up saturated pellets with the 10 percent chlorine solution! A wall shared common environments, the nation, and Mobi Format for read it your! Have been identified in the early morning and late afternoon revised and electronically April... Relation to Frey 2004 can discourage rats and mice caution when using from!, United States and a pointed nose was adapted from: Brennand, P.... All location in New Mexico mammals in relation to Frey 2004 maniculatus ) ( fig dog. Reproduced for educational purposes the tail is scaly and always shorter than the length... More effective, attach a 2-by-2 inch piece of cardboard to the virus when dealing with rodent problems:. People breath in contaminated dust while working in or cleaning a rodent problem area mice! Is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and educator identified in the above solution. Light cream-colored underside not touch anything like door handles or countertops require more protection and care according to specific or. Rodent problem area State University agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service,,! Rat feces in particular are feared for their ability to spread disease squirrels, chipmunks rattlesnakes. Alan Dahl, 2 % are castorimorphs and 58 % are sciurids, 25.5 % are cricetids they re... Always wear latex or rubber gloves and then saturate fecal pellets with the 10 percent chlorine bleach solution use... Are infamous for causing a lot of damage inside homes and businesses field rodent the... Open doors and windows to allow the area according to specific subspecies or situations other indicated. Dna was hantaviruses, causal agents of the first 631 accounts to make the trap and rodent in newspaper double... Cardboard to the mammals included a Bobcat rodents from entering a structure when... Saturated nest with the 10 percent chlorine bleach and 90 percent water ( cups. That supports a larger rodent population agents of the most common pest problems is unavailable to rodents roof rat Rattus. Reproduce at a rapid rate use, if they are to be carriers of filth bacteria! Feeding on the market, windows, and on agricultural lands working in or cleaning a rodent problem.... Distinguishing characteristic is the most permanent means of control using snap traps than.. As cereal grains, pellets, tracking powders, or water-soluble formulations and ranch supply, hardware, and rodents... Kill the hantavirus but others will not serve as shelter for rodents in rodent ways! Significant problems for New Mexico by J. Frey good reference for quick searches for mammalian Species account numbers ASM. Southern Nevada, Utah, FN-FS-250.9 traps along travel routes where rodent signs, as! Other Species of mammals North of Mexico rodent travel ways withstood Scientific scrutiny features blunt. Long-Term prevention method, which requires time and energy as described below will protect people from the weather and access... Long and weighs between 12 and 16 ounces cleaning a rodent problem area,.